General Information

  • ID:  hor002990
  • Uniprot ID:  P01160
  • Protein name:  Vessel dilator
  • Gene name:  NPPA
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  Natriuretic peptide family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  [Urodilatin]: Detected in the kidney distal tubular cells (at protein level) .
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with NPPA include Atrial Standstill 2 and Atrial Fibrillation, Familial, 6.
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding; GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005184 neuropeptide hormone activity; GO:0005515 protein binding; GO:0051427 hormone receptor binding; GO:0071855 neuropeptide receptor binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0003008 system process; GO:0003085 negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure; GO:0003161 cardiac conduction system development; GO:0003180 aortic valve morphogenesis; GO:0006182 cGMP biosynthetic process; GO:0006457 protein folding; GO:0007168 receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007565 female pregnancy; GO:0008217 regulation of blood pressure; GO:0010460 positive regulation of heart rate; GO:0014898 cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress; GO:0019934 cGMP-mediated signaling; GO:0035994 response to muscle stretch; GO:0036376 sodium ion export across plasma membrane; GO:0042311 vasodilation; GO:0043508 negative regulation of JUN kinase activity; GO:0045776 negative regulation of blood pressure; GO:0060372 regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization; GO:0060452 positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction; GO:0097746 blood vessel diameter maintenance; GO:1901841 regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity; GO:1902261 positive regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity; GO:1902514 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel; GO:1903766 positive regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membrane
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005737 cytoplasm; GO:0032991 protein-containing complex; GO:0042995 cell projection; GO:0043204 perikaryon; GO:0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  EVVPPQVLSEPNEEAGAALSPLPEVPPWTGEVSPAQR
  • Length:  37
  • Propeptide:  MSSFSTTTVSFLLLLAFQLLGQTRANPMYNAVSNADLMDFKNLLDHLEEKMPLEDEVVPPQVLSEPNEEAGAALSPLPEVPPWTGEVSPAQRDGGALGRGPWDSSDRSALLKSKLRALLTAPRSLRRSSCFGGRMDRIGAQSGLGCNSFRY
  • Signal peptide:  MSSFSTTTVSFLLLLAFQLLGQTRA
  • Modification:  NA
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  May have a role in cardio-renal homeostasis through regulation of natriuresis, diuresis, and vasodilation. In vitro, promotes the production of cGMP and induces vasodilation . May promote natriuresis, at least in part, by enhancing prostaglandin E2 synthesis resulting in the inhibition of renal Na+-K+-ATPase. However reports on the involvement of this peptide in mammal blood volume and blood pressure homeostasis are conflicting; according to a report it is not sufficient to activate cGMP and does not inhibit collecting duct transport nor effect diuresis and natriuresis. Appears to bind to specific receptors that are distinct from the receptors bound by the atrial natriuretic and long-acting natriuretic peptides. Possibly functions in protein excretion in urine by maintaining the integrity of the proximal tubules and enhancing protein excretion by decreasing proximal tubular protein reabsorption.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NPR3, NPR1
  • Target Unid:  P17342, P16066
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-Q3EDH8-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    AF-Q3EDH8-F1.pdbhor002990_AF2.pdbhor002990_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 452059 Formula: C173H270N44O57
Absent amino acids: CDFHIKMY Common amino acids: P
pI: 3.62 Basic residues: 1
Polar residues: 7 Hydrophobic residues: 13
Hydrophobicity: -37.84 Boman Index: -3986
Half-Life: 1 hour Half-Life Yeast: 30 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 81.62
Instability Index: 8033.24 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 5500
Absorbance 280nm: 152.78

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  NA
  • Title:  NA